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Classical Urdu poetry · 1797–1869

Mirza Ghalib مرزا غالب

The master of the Urdu ghazal

Lifespan1797–1869
Era18th century
Couplets here10
LanguageUrdu

Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan, known by his pen-name “Ghalib”, was born in Agra in 1797 and spent most of his life in Delhi. Writing in both Urdu and Persian, he became the foremost poet of the late Mughal era and served as court poet to the last emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar. His wit, philosophy and emotional depth make him the most quoted Urdu poet of all time.

Famous couplets (اشعار)
ہزاروں خواہشیں ایسی کہ ہر خواہش پہ دم نکلے
بہت نکلے مرے ارمان لیکن پھر بھی کم نکلے
hazaaron khwahishen aisi ke har khwahish pe dam nikle / bahut nikle mere armaan lekin phir bhi kam nikle
Thousands of desires, each so intense it could take my life — many of my longings were fulfilled, yet still they were too few.
بازیچۂ اطفال ہے دنیا مرے آگے
ہوتا ہے شب و روز تماشا مرے آگے
baazicha-e-atfaal hai duniya mere aage / hota hai shab-o-roz tamaasha mere aage
The world is but a child’s playground before me — day and night a spectacle unfolds before my eyes.
عشق نے غالبؔ نکما کر دیا
ورنہ ہم بھی آدمی تھے کام کے
ishq ne ‘Ghalib’ nikamma kar diya / warna hum bhi aadmi the kaam ke
Love has rendered Ghalib good-for-nothing — otherwise I too was a man of some use.
ہوئی مدت کہ غالبؔ مر گیا پر یاد آتا ہے
وہ ہر اک بات پہ کہنا کہ یوں ہوتا تو کیا ہوتا
hui muddat ke ‘Ghalib’ mar gaya par yaad aata hai / wo har ik baat pe kehna ke yun hota to kya hota
It has been an age since Ghalib died, yet he is still remembered — his habit of saying at everything, “had it been thus, what then?”
دلِ ناداں تجھے ہوا کیا ہے
آخر اس درد کی دوا کیا ہے
dil-e-naadaan tujhe hua kya hai / aakhir is dard ki dawa kya hai
O foolish heart, what has come over you? What, after all, is the cure for this pain?
ہم کو معلوم ہے جنت کی حقیقت لیکن
دل کے خوش رکھنے کو غالبؔ یہ خیال اچھا ہے
hum ko maloom hai jannat ki haqeeqat lekin / dil ke khush rakhne ko ‘Ghalib’ ye khayaal achcha hai
I know well the reality of paradise, Ghalib — but to keep the heart content, this is a fine thought to hold.
رنج سے خوگر ہوا انساں تو مٹ جاتا ہے رنج
مشکلیں مجھ پر پڑیں اتنی کہ آساں ہو گئیں
ranj se khugar hua insaan to mit jaata hai ranj / mushkilen mujh par padeen itni ke aasaan ho gayeen
When a person grows used to grief, the grief itself fades — so many hardships fell upon me that they became easy.
عشق پر زور نہیں ہے یہ وہ آتش غالبؔ
کہ لگائے نہ لگے اور بجھائے نہ بنے
ishq par zor nahin hai ye wo aatish ‘Ghalib’ / ke lagaaye na lage aur bujhaaye na bane
Love yields to no force; it is that fire, Ghalib, which will neither be lit at will nor put out at will.
دل ہی تو ہے نہ سنگ و خشت درد سے بھر نہ آئے کیوں
روئیں گے ہم ہزار بار کوئی ہمیں ستائے کیوں
dil hi to hai na sang-o-khisht dard se bhar na aaye kyun / royenge hum hazaar baar koi hamein sataaye kyun
It is a heart, after all, not stone or brick — why should it not brim with pain? I will weep a thousand times; why should anyone torment me for it?
کوئی امید بر نہیں آتی
کوئی صورت نظر نہیں آتی
koi ummeed bar nahin aati / koi soorat nazar nahin aati
No hope comes to fruition; no way forward appears in sight.
More poets
Allama IqbalMir Taqi MirDaagh DehlviBahadur Shah ZafarMomin Khan MominIbrahim ZauqHasrat Mohani

FAQs

Who was Mirza Ghalib?

Mirza Ghalib (1797–1869) — The master of the Urdu ghazal. Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan, known by his pen-name “Ghalib”, was born in Agra in 1797 and spent most of his life in Delhi. Writing in both Urdu and Persian, he became the foremost poet of the late Mughal era and served as court poet to the last emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar. His wit, philosophy and emotional depth make him the most quoted Urdu poet of all time.

What is Mirza Ghalib famous for?

Mirza Ghalib is remembered for the master of the urdu ghazal. This page collects some of his most celebrated couplets with their meaning.

All verse shown is from the public domain (poets deceased over a century ago). Transliteration and English renderings are UrduCentral’s own, provided to aid understanding.