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Classical Urdu poetry · 1775–1862

Bahadur Shah Zafar بہادر شاہ ظفر

The last Mughal emperor & poet

Lifespan1775–1862
Era18th century
Couplets here3
LanguageUrdu

Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mughal emperor, was also a gifted Urdu poet. After the events of 1857 he was exiled to Rangoon, where he died in 1862. His verse, heavy with loss and the impermanence of the world, still moves readers today.

Famous couplets (اشعار)
لگتا نہیں ہے دل مرا اجڑے دیار میں
کس کی بنی ہے عالمِ ناپائیدار میں
lagta nahin hai dil mera ujde dayaar mein / kis ki bani hai aalam-e-naapaaydaar mein
My heart finds no rest in this ruined land — who has ever truly prospered in this impermanent world?
عمرِ دراز مانگ کے لائے تھے چار دن
دو آرزو میں کٹ گئے دو انتظار میں
umr-e-daraaz maang ke laaye the chaar din / do aarzu mein kat gaye do intizaar mein
I begged for a long life and was granted but four days — two were spent in longing, and two in waiting.
کتنا ہے بدنصیب ظفرؔ دفن کے لیے
دو گز زمین بھی نہ ملی کوئے یار میں
kitna hai badnaseeb ‘Zafar’ dafn ke liye / do gaz zameen bhi na mili koo-e-yaar mein
How luckless is Zafar — for his burial he found not even two yards of earth in the beloved’s lane.
More poets
Mirza GhalibAllama IqbalMir Taqi MirDaagh DehlviMomin Khan MominIbrahim ZauqHasrat Mohani

FAQs

Who was Bahadur Shah Zafar?

Bahadur Shah Zafar (1775–1862) — The last Mughal emperor & poet. Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mughal emperor, was also a gifted Urdu poet. After the events of 1857 he was exiled to Rangoon, where he died in 1862. His verse, heavy with loss and the impermanence of the world, still moves readers today.

What is Bahadur Shah Zafar famous for?

Bahadur Shah Zafar is remembered for the last mughal emperor & poet. This page collects some of his most celebrated couplets with their meaning.

All verse shown is from the public domain (poets deceased over a century ago). Transliteration and English renderings are UrduCentral’s own, provided to aid understanding.